Databases are used in many different settings, for different purposes. For example, libraries use databases to keep track of which books are available and which are out on loan. Schools may use ...

A database that maintains a set of separate, related files (tables), but combines data elements from the files for queries and reports when required. The concept was developed in 1970 by Edgar Codd, ...

Database normalization is the cornerstone of database theory. Once a database is normalized, relationships between the data in multiple tables must be established. A hefty part of designing a ...

Prior to the introduction of the Java Persistence API, no single persistence standard was available for both the Java SE and Java EE environments. Introduced as a part of Java EE 5, the Java ...

In addition to needing an operating system, some embedded systems will need a structure for organizing data. In this article I discuss various ways of storing and retrieving data. Where appropriate, I ...

In Part 2, I discuss how EJB 3.0 entity beans leverage POJO and annotations to greatly simplify your data model and its persistence-to-backend relational databases. Before we get into the details of ...

Even after 50 years, Structured Query Language, or SQL, remains the native tongue for those who speak data. It’s had impressive staying power since it was first coined the Structured Query English ...